Inconel is a family of austenitic nickel-chromium-based superalloys. Inconel is predominantly of nickel-chrome, generally contains over 50% nickel. Inconel alloys are oxidation-corrosion-resistant materials well suited for service in extreme environments subjected to pressure and heat. Inconel alloys or superalloys are nickel-based alloys that exhibit traits such as high resistance to corrosion, oxidation, carburization, pitting, crevice, corrosion cracking, and high temperature strength. Often, Inconel is referred to as “Inco” Inconel, when heated, forms a thick yet stable oxide layer that protects its outer surface from further attack. This makes it the ideal choice for extreme temperature and pressure applications, where steel and aluminum would succumb to thermal creep. Available in numerous grades, the Inconel alloys exhibit shifting characteristics with slight variations in their chemistry.
Shah International supplies the below Inconel Grades : Inconel 600 ,Inconel 601 ,Inconel 602 ,Inconel 617 ,Inconel 625 ,Inconel 690 Inconel 718 ,Inconel X-750
Inconel 600 is a nickel-chromium alloy used for applications that require corrosion and high temperature resistance. This nickel alloy was designed for service temperatures from cryogenic to elevated temperatures in the range of 2000° F. It is non-magnetic, has excellent mechanical properties, and presents the desirable combination of high strength and good weldability under a wide range of temperatures. The high nickel content in Inconel 600 enables it to retain considerable resistance under reducing conditions, makes it resistant to corrosion by a number of organic and inorganic compounds, gives it excellent resistance to chloride-ion stress-corrosion cracking and also provides excellent resistance to alkaline solutions.
Inconel 600 Chemical Composition, %
Ni + Co |
Cr |
Fe |
C |
Mn |
S |
Si |
Cu |
72.0 min |
14.0-17.0 |
6.0-10.0 |
0.15 max |
1.00 max |
0.015 max |
0.50 max |
0.50 max |
Inconel 600 ASTM Specification:
Pipe Smls |
Pipe Welded |
Tube Smls |
Tube Welded |
Sheet / Plate |
Bar |
Forging |
Fitting |
B167 |
B517 |
B163 |
B516 |
B168 |
B166 |
B564 |
B366 |
Mechanical Properties of Inconel 600:
Product Form |
Condition |
Tensile (ksi) |
0.2% Yield(ksi) |
Elongation (%) |
Rod & Bar |
Cold-Drawn |
80-100 |
25-50 |
35-55 |
Rod & Bar |
Hot-Finished |
80-100 |
30-50 |
35-55 |
Tube & Pipe |
Hot-Finished |
75-100 |
25-50 |
35-55 |
Tube & Pipe |
Cold-Drawn |
80-100 |
25-50 |
35-55 |
Plate |
Hot-Finished |
80-105 |
30-50 |
35-55 |
Sheet |
Cold-Drawn |
80-100 |
30-45 |
35-55 |
Inconel 601 is a nickel-chromium alloy used for applications that require resistance to corrosion and heat. This nickel alloy stands out due to its resistance to high temperature oxidation, remaining highly resistant to oxidation through 2200° F. Alloy 601 develops a tightly adherent oxide scale which resists spalling even under conditions of severe thermal cycling. This nickel alloy has good high temperature strength, and retains its ductility after long service exposure. It has good resistance to aqueous corrosion, high mechanical strength, and is readily formed, machined and welded. Inconel 601’s properties make it a material of broad utility in fields like thermal processing, chemical processing, pollution control, aerospace, and power generation. However, alloy 601 is not suggested for use in strongly reducing, sulfur bearing environments.
Inconel 601 Chemical Composition, %:
Ni |
Cr |
Al |
C |
Mn |
Si |
Fe |
61.5 |
22.5 |
1.4 |
0.05 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
14 |
Mechanical Properties of Inconel 601:
Annealed Typical
Tensile Strength |
80,000 psi |
Yield |
30,000 psi |
Elongation |
35 % |
Inconel 602 is the most oxidation resistant/high strength nickel alloy available. It is capable of extreme temperature use up to and beyond 2200°F (1200°C). For thermal processing applications where minimal product contamination is necessary, the oxidation/scaling resistance of Inconel 602 is extremely desirable. A high chromium content, along with aluminum and yttrium additions, allows the alloy to develop a tightly adhering oxide scale. A relatively high carbon content combined with the alloying additions of titanium and zirconium results in high creep rupture strength.
Inconel 602 Chemical Composition, %:
Ni |
Cr |
Fe |
C |
Mn |
Si |
Cu |
Al |
Ti |
Y |
Zr |
P |
S |
Balance |
24.0-26.0 |
8.0-11.0 |
0.15-0.25 |
0.5 max |
0.5 max |
0.1 max |
1.8-2.4 |
0.1-0.2 |
0.05-0.12 |
0.01-0.1 |
0.02 max |
0.01 max |
Mechanical Properties of Inconel 602:
Tensile Strength |
675 MPA |
Yield |
(0.2 % offset) 270 MPA |
Elongation |
38 % |
Inconel 617 is a solid-solution, nickel-chromium-cobalt-molydenum alloy with an exceptional combination of high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. The alloy also has excellent resistance to a wide range of corrosive environment, and it is readily formed and welded by conventional techniques. The high nickel and chromium contents make the alloy resistant to a variety of both reducing and oxidizing media. The aluminum, in conjunction with the chromium, provides oxidation resistance at high temperatures. Solid-solution strengthening is imparted by the cobalt and molydenum.
Inconel 617 Chemical Composition, %:
Ni |
Cr |
Co |
Mo |
Al |
C |
Fe |
Mn |
Si |
S |
Ti |
Cu |
B |
44.5 min |
20.0-24.0 |
10.0-15.0 |
8.0-10.0 |
0.8-1.5 |
0.05-0.15 |
3.0 max |
1.0 max |
1.0 max |
0.015 max |
0.6 max |
0.5 max |
0.006 max |
Mechanical Properties of Inconel 617:
Product Form |
Condition |
Tensile (ksi) |
0.2% Yield(ksi) |
Elongation (%) |
Plate |
Hot Rolling |
106.5 |
46.7 |
62 |
Bar |
Hot Rolling |
111.5 |
46.1 |
56 |
Tubing |
Cold Drawing |
110.0 |
55.6 |
56 |
Sheet or Strip |
Cold Rolling |
109.5 |
50.9 |
58 |
Inconel 625 is a corrosion and oxidation resistant nickel alloy that is used both for its high strength and outstanding aqueous corrosion resistance. Its outstanding strength and toughness is due to the addition of niobium which acts with the molybdenum to stiffen the alloy’s matrix. Alloy 625 has excellent fatigue strength and stress-corrosion cracking resistance to chloride ions. This nickel alloy has excellent weldability and is frequently used to weld AL-6XN. This alloy resists a wide range of severely corrosive environments and is especially resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion.
Inconel 625 Chemical Composition, %:
Cr |
Ni |
Mo |
Co+Nb |
Ta |
Al |
Ti |
C |
Fe |
Mn |
Si |
P |
S |
20.0-30.0 |
Balance |
8.0-10.0 |
1.0 max |
3.15-4.15 |
0.40 max |
0.40 max |
0.10 max |
5.0 max |
0.50 max |
0.50 max |
0.015 max |
0.015 max |
Mechanical Properties of Inconel 625:
Temp° F |
Tensile (psi) |
0.2% Yield (psi) |
Elongation in 2” (%) |
70 |
144000 |
84000 |
44 |
400 |
134000 |
66000 |
45 |
600 |
132000 |
63000 |
42.5 |
800 |
131500 |
61000 |
45 |
1000 |
130000 |
60500 |
48 |
1200 |
119000 |
6000 |
34 |
1400 |
78000 |
58500 |
59 |
1600 |
40000 |
39000 |
117 |
Inconel 690 is a high chromium nickel alloy having excellent resistance to many corrosive aqueous media and high-temperature atmospheres. The substantial chromium content gives the alloy outstanding resistance to oxidizing chemicals and to high-temperature oxidizing gases. In addition to its corrosion resistance, Inconel 690 has high strength, good metallurgical stability, and favorable fabrication characteristics.
Inconel 690 Chemical Composition, %:
Ni | Cr |
Fe |
C |
Si |
Mn |
S |
Cu |
58.0 min |
27.0-31.0 |
7.0-11.0 |
0.05 max |
0.50 max |
0.50 max |
0.015 max |
0.50 max |
Inconel 690 ASTM Specification:
Pipe Smls |
Pipe Welded |
Tube Smls |
Tube Welded |
Sheet / Plate |
Bar |
Forging |
B163 |
B163 |
B163 |
B163 |
B168 |
B166 |
B564 |
Mechanical Properties of Inconel 690:
Tensile Strength |
>586 MPA |
Yield |
(0.2 % offset) >240 MPA |
Elongation |
>30 % |
Inconel 718 is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy designed to resist a wide range of severely corrosive environments, pitting and crevice corrosion. This nickel steel alloy also displays exceptionally high yield, tensile, and creep-rupture properties at high temperatures. This nickel alloy is used from cryogenic temperatures up to long term service at 1200° F. One of the distinguishing features of Inconel 718’s composition is the addition of niobium to permit age hardening which allows annealing and welding without spontaneous hardening during heating and cooling. The addition of niobium acts with the molybdenum to stiffen the alloy’s matrix and provide high strength without a strengthening heat treatment. Other popular nickel-chromium alloys are age hardened through the addition of aluminum and titanium. This nickel steel alloy is readily fabricated and may be welded in either the annealed or precipitation (age) hardened condition. This superalloy is used in a variety of industries such as aerospace, chemical processing, marine engineering, pollution-control equipment, and nuclear reactors.
Inconel 718 Chemical Composition, %:
Ni |
Fe |
Cr |
Cu |
Mo |
Nb |
C |
Mn |
P |
S |
Si |
Ti |
Al |
Co |
B |
50.0-55.0 |
Balance |
17.0-21.0 |
0.30 max |
2.80-3.30 |
4.75-5.50 |
0.08 max |
0.35 max |
0.015 max |
0.015 max |
0.35 max |
0.65-1.15 |
0.20-0.80 |
1.00 max |
0.006 max |
Inconel 718 ASTM Specification:
Pipe | Tube |
Sheet / Plate |
Bar |
Forging |
AMS 5589, |
AMS 5589, |
B670 |
B637 |
B637 |
Mechanical Properties of Inconel 718:
Ultimate Tensile Strength |
135000 psi |
Yield |
(0.2 % offset) 70000 psi |
Elongation |
45 % |
Inconel X-750 is a precipitation hardened super alloy providing high resistance to chemical corrosion and oxidation. Good stress rupture strength and nominal creeping under high stresses at temperatures up to 1500° F or 816° C after heat processing. The outstanding resistance of this alloy is significant in high temperature springs and bolts.
Inconel X-750 Chemical Composition, %:
Ni + Co |
Cr |
Fe |
Ti |
Al |
Nb + Ta |
Mn |
Si |
S |
Cu |
C |
Co |
70.00 min |
14.0-17.0 |
5.0-9.0 |
2.25-2.75 |
0.4-1.0 |
0.70-1.20 |
1.00 max |
0.50 max |
0.01 max |
0.50 max |
0.08 max |
1.00 max |
Inconel X-750 ASTM Specification:
Sheet / Plate |
Bar |
Forging |
AMS 5542, |
B637 |
B637 |
Mechanical Properties of Inconel X-750:
Ultimate Tensile Strength |
181000 psi |
Yield |
(0.2 % offset) 123000 psi |
Elongation |
30 % |